Applying for residency program in surgery Personal Statement

Applying for residency program in surgery - Personal Statement Example Although other medical practitioners may look upon dentistry as a â€Å"breeze† course, the reality is that this particular type of course is just as demanding as any other medical degree. It still requires academic ability, personal motivation, diligence, and perseverance. With the current trend in the modernization of treatments in the dental field, it has become as equally exciting as any other medical field in the world today. It is because of the aforementioned reasons that I would like to have an opportunity to further my dental career by concentrating on the completion of a residency program with your reknowned teaching university. Having spent a part of my career as a teaching assistant at Kind Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Oral and Maxillofacial Division) I have already managed to develop leadership abilities thanks to the time I spent managing an oral clinic for them. Having spent a great deal of time in the USA at the moment, I have spent an impressive number of hours at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial It was at UNC where I developed my dental surgery skills further by participating in ward rounds, assisting in theater and out patient clinics, as well as attending didactic sessions. All of the clinical experience that I have gained through the years have proven only one thing to me. I was born ready to become an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. This is my life calling and mission. I take great pride in the way that my work in this field, no matter how minor the contribution I made, has already helped to improve my patients lives. With the help of your esteemed university and its group of trailblazing teaching dentists, I hope to be of even greater help to the patients who entrust their oral health to me in the

GAP Analysis Essay Example for Free

GAP Analysis Essay My profession of interest is: _Energy Analyst_ Please visit the O*NET Web site, and research the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) that are required for your desired profession. Complete the chart below to identify which of the KSAs you already have and which KSAs you need to acquire. KSA required in your desired job or profession Description of how you meet this requirement If you do not meet this requirement, how can you acquire it? Building and Construction Knowledege Past Work with Mario Sinicola Construction and Certified Electrician Customer Service and Personal Service Experience with Customers with CountryWide lending General Studies of Math, Physics, Design, and English Aquiring my Associates degree in general business and working on bachelors in Energy Deductive Reasoning Have basic understanding to apply general rules to help the answer make sense Near Vision I have two eyes with both of them having 18/20 vision System Analysis To obtain knowledge through work experience and also studies through school to gain the information needed. Part 2: Goal Setting Using your gap analysis and what you have learned in this phase, set 3 short-term goals to fill the gaps that you have in your KSAs and qualifications. Please make sure your goals are SMART: Specific Measurable Action-oriented (What action will you take?) Realistic Timed Gap in your KSA qualifications Short-term goal to fill the gap Time frame to be completed No degree in analysis or basic business Find a business and become an apprentice 1.5 years Obtain Business degree in data and Energy Analysis Use exiting work and also find others already working in the field and gain knowledge from there 2 years General Studies Continue education through college 6 months Part 3: Revised Elevator Speech My name is Gabriel Cheney; currently I am a student at Colorado Technical University. I have been in the U.S. Army and also sales man for multiple types of businesses. I am currently working on my associates degree in general business and looking to work towards a bachelor degree in Data Analysis. I currently am working at a small software company that develops and produces point of sale systems for salons across the world. I am looking to find a position in the company the will allow me to grow in this field that I wish to work in the future.

Drama - I wanted to present a convincing portrayal of a wealthy, educated :: Drama

Drama - I wanted to present a convincing portrayal of a wealthy, educated woman who, faced with a extremely distressing, seemingly insurmountable personal problem, sees what looks like a perfect solution, but which ends up driving her to madness. Why Were the Nazis Able to Attempt the Genocide of the Jewish People in the Years1939 to 1945? ==================================================================== How Has the Human Rights Position of the Jews Improved Since 1945? ================================================================== The power of the Nazi State made it difficult to resist and rebel against the Nazis. By 1939 the Nazis had built up an enormous empire and army. The SS were responsible for security of Hitler and leading Nazis. Rudolf Hoess said that, '...the thought of refusing an order just didn't enter one's head, regardless of what kind of order it was.' The SS were completely loyal to Hitler and strictly disciplined. The SS also did work such as manning the concentration camps. The concentration camps were created in 1933 and they were prisons for opposition to the Nazis and people who did not fit in with the Nazis, including the Jews. A special, secret police force was devised in 1936 called the Gestapo. They would catch people if they thought they had said anything wrong about the Nazis, or they were Jewish. Ordinary people were scared of being reported by the SS or Gestapo, so most did nothing to prevent the Holocaust. Many people may have ignored Anti-Semitism because, they agreed with the Nazis on other issues, however some people were actively Anti-Semitic themselves. This tells us that the Nazis had built up a state so powerful and secretive that it was possible to get away with genocide. The wartime emergency made it possible to keep the extermination of the Jews secret, from the majority of the population. A map of Poland and Germany (Source U) shows that all the extermination camps were situated in Poland, away from the German population. Therefore, the Germans may not have known, as they would not be able to see the camps. Also the SS were forced to keep the genocide a secret, in a speech by Himmler he said, '...we will never speak about it in public.' and also 'à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦he would do it again if it were an order and if it were necessary.' The German people were also subjected to Nazi propaganda and control. They would also be worried about food, water and being bombed on, as it was wartime. They were probably worried about themselves. Also Stephen Lee tells that extermination would be kept secret by terms such as, 'resettled', 'evacuated' or 'deported'.

David Livingstone :: essays research papers

David Livingstone is a Scottish missionary and physician. He spent most of his life exploring Africa. He helped Europeans learn a lot about the continent of Africa. Livingstone was born in Scotland. His parents were really religious so David followed his dad’s footsteps. David is a really hard working person, the reason why he would want to go to Africa was because he knew that there weren’t a lot of Christians there; he also knew that not many people there knew about Christ. At age ten he began working in the local cotton mill, he had to work long hours and he got too little pay for what he was doing. When he didn’t work, he would just stay at home to study, and in 1836 he entered Anderson's College in Glasgow. He was mainly interested in theology and medicine. In 1838 the London Missionary Society accepted him as a candidate, and two years later he received a medical degree from the University of Glasgow. The First War between Britain and China ruined his hope s of becoming a medical missionary to China, but the missionary society arranged a new placement for him in southern Africa. He was supposed to be preaching in the southern part of Africa; however, due to the fact that he wasn’t successful, he went to the north. While he was there, he worked with an individual named, Robert Moffat. Later on he married his daughter, Mary Moffat. For the next 15 years, Livingstone was constantly moving into the African interior. He was strengthening his missionary determination he was also responding entirely to the delights of geographical discovery; he was building for himself a Christian, a courageous explorer, and a fervent antislavery advocate. As a missionary, David Livingstone quickly believed that what he was supposed to do is to not remain in one spot, preaching the gospel to the few local people willing to listen. Instead, he should keep on moving, reaching new groups and extending to them to be more familiar with what God wanted them to do with Christianity. Eventually he would expand this idea into a belief that his role was to open up Africa's interior to broader influences from Western civilization. Once that occurred, he would work hand in hand to end slave trading and uplift African peoples. Such motives drove Livingstone. He worked really hard as a missionary but he still had the desire to keep on exploring.

Articles of Confederation and Articles of Constitution Essay

After the Declaration of Independence, there was a sense among Congressman that they wanted a written document creating a government justifying the existence of the United States. The delegates of the Second Continental Congress were attempting to codify arrangements that had never before put into legal terminology. As a result, in late 1777, the Articles of Confederation, creating a loose â€Å"league of friendship† between the thirteen sovereign or independent colonies, were passed by the Congress and presented to the states for ratification. The Articles created a type of government where the national government derives its powers directly from the states. The Articles was finally ratified by all the thirteen states in March 1781. Although it had its flaws, the government under the Articles of confederation saw the nation through the Revolutionary War. However, once the British surrendered in 1781, and the new nation found itself no longer united by the war effort, the government quickly fell into chaos. The Articles of Confederation was written during the War for Independence and at a time when a strong national government was regarded with suspicion. The Articles created a confederacy where most of the power was vested in the states. The confederation’s most important accomplishment was its resolution of some of the controversies involving the western lands. The Articles provided a national government with a Congress empowered to declare war, make peace, coin money, appoint officers for an army, control the post office, and negotiate treaties with Indian tribes. States were independent and sovereign to govern within its territories. The Congress was unicameral and each state had one vote in the Continental congress, regardless of its size. The vote of nine states out of thirteen was considered a unanimous vote for any amendment. Tariffs were regarded as amendments and therefore almost impossible to pass depriving the national government of needed revenue. Congress functioned as a legislative body to pass laws and executive body to enforce them if needed. Americans had great loyalties to their states and often did not even think of themselves as Americans. This lack of national identity or loyalty in the absence of a war to unite the citizenry fostered a reluctance to give any power to the national government. Congress had no specific power to tax. Articles of Confederation did not allow Congress to regulate commerce among the states or with foreign nations. The Articles of Confederation had no provision for judicial system to handle the growing number of economic conflicts and boundary disputes among the individual states. The failure of the Congress to muster an army to put down the Shays’s Rebellion provided a dramatic example of the weakness inherent in the Articles of Confederation and shocked the nation’s leaders into recognizing the new national government’s inadequacies. And, it finally prompted several state delegates to meet in Annapolis, Maryland in 1786 to call for a convention in Philadelphia in may of 1787 for the sole and express purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation. On the first day of convention , Edmund Randolph and James Madison of Virginia proposed the Virginia Plan. Many delegates, including William Patterson of New Jersey, considered these resolution’s to be in violation of the convention’s charter, and proposed the New Jersey Plan, which took greater steps to preserve the Articles. These proposals met the heated debate on the convention’s floor. Eventually the Virginia Plan triumphed following a declaration from Randolph that, â€Å"When the salvation of the Republic is at stake, it would be treason not to propose what we found necessary.† Though the basic structure of the new government was established, the work was not complete. These differences were resolved through a series of compromises. The Great Compromise, proposed by Roger Sherman of Connecticut made a way for the Bicameral legislature in the constitution. Lower House or the House of Representatives consisted representation based on population, which would have the power to originate all bills for raising and spending money. Whereas the Upper House or Senate had equal representation, two senators from each state. The national government would have the supreme power. The Three-fifths Compromise determined that slaves would be counted as 3/5s on 1 for the purposes of taxation and representation in the House of Representatives. Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise decided that the slave trade would be abolished in 20 years.(i.e. January 1808). It also gave Congress, the power to regulate commerce including interstate commerce or trade between states and also to enact tariffs by a simple majority. The first three articles established three branches of government. The legislative branch; Article I vests all legislative powers in the congress and establishes a bicameral legislature, consisting of Senate and the House of Representatives. The Executive Branch; Article II vests the authority to execute the laws of the nation, in a president of the United States. The Judicial Branch; Article III establishes a Supreme Court and defines its jurisdiction. The four remaining articles define the relationship among the states, declare national law to be supreme and set out methods of amending constitution. Three-fourths of the state vote would be required for any amendment. Only the national government would have power to coin money. Taxes were laid and collected by congress instead of the states in Confederation. Once the Constitution was approved by the convention, the next step was ratification by the states. The framers required the states to call special ratifying conventions for the purpose of ratifying or rejecting the proposed constitution. Those who favored new strong government chose to call themselves Federalists. On the other hand, Anti-Federalists argued that they simply wanted to protect state governments from the tyranny of a too powerful national government. Between October 1787 and May 1788, a series of eighty-five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay appeared in newspapers in New York, a state where ratification was in doubt. These essays written in support of ratification of the U.S. Constitution became known as â€Å"The Federalist Papers†. Aside from diminishing the power of the states, the main objection from the Anti-Federalists appeared to be the lack of written protection of individual rights and liberties. Once, the constitution was ratified, the elected congress immediately sent a set of ten amendments, known as â€Å"Bill of Rights† to states for their ratification. They offered a numerous specific limitations on the national government’s ability to interfere with a wide variety of personal liberties, some of which were already guaranteed by many state constitutions. These include freedom of expression, speech, press, religion, and assembly guaranteed by the first amendment. // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t=†Ã¢â‚¬ ,o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "studymoose.com"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e

Harris Seafood Essays

Harris Seafood Essays Harris Seafood Paper Harris Seafood Paper | |Harris Seafoods Inc. | Memorandum To:Mr. Charlie Harris II, CEO From:student 103 CC:Professor Date:11/22/11 Subject:Harris Seafoods Inc. : Processing Plant Project Analysis and Recommendation Your immediate attention is requested. We would like to take this opportunity to discuss our team valuation of accepting Processing Plant Project. We value that Harris Seafoods has evolved into one of the largest producers of frozen shrimp in the United States. We are impressed by company’s remarkable high return on equity of 39% after-tax. Our analysis of the Processing Plant Project will help you make a well informed decision and additionally, it will provide an action-oriented recommendation. We will first identify key issues and risk involved followed by financial support of the project. Our analysis is supported with financial measures of NPV, IRR, CAPM theory and WACC to illustrate if accepting Processing Plant Project would provide acceptable required rate of return for Harris Seafoods. Key Issues and Risk: The processing Plant proposal would allow Harris Seafoods to seize the opportunity to expand into shrimp production and sales while utilizing its resources effectively. The expansion in shrimp processing facility would permit the company to grow in terms of return on investment. However, we would like to highlight various risk exposed to Harris Seafoods Inc by accepting the project. We believe that by accepting the project would affect Harris Seafoods high return on shareholder’s equity. Issues in Shrimp Industry: : The Shrimp Industry appears to be uncertain in terms of shrimp supply. The shrimp beds in the waters off Texas and Mexico were over fished, resulting in it becoming increasingly difficult to find shrimp as stated on page two. It exposes Harris Seafoods to the risk of shortage in shrimp supply. The price of shrimp is determined by the size, the value of the catch and production levels are beyond management’s control. The price risk is vital to consider. The demand for shrimp is affected by the cyclical swings due to changes in the economy which also impact prices. As a result, the changes in supply leads to an increase in shrimp imports into the US since foreign competitors tend to have lower costs than fisherman within the US. Another major issue is the unpredictable shrimp supply. The supply of shrimps is risky due to the danger of being destroyed from oils spills from offshore drilling activity. Harris Seafoods also faces an existing threat with territorial limitations since most countries of the world have established 200-mile boundaries, as a result it limits the number of overseas boats allowed to fish in boundaries areas. One more issue and risk to consider is fluctuating and irrepressible cost of fuel expense for operating of boats and equipments. The Processing Plant Project: The processing plant proposal seem attractive and if Harris Seafoods decides to expand its operations in shrimp processing, the project will cost $7 million and can be completed by the first quarter of 1981. However, we encourage Harris Seafoods to consider if accepting the processing plant would meet Harris Seafoods required rate of return on shareholder’s equity. Using WACC, we determined discount rate of 15% 20%, the discount rate that company is expected to pay for all its bonds and stockholders to finance its assets. Using the long-term government bond as a bench mark, we concluded that risk free rate, an acceptable required rate of return, to be above 13. 521%. The inputs for WACC were 30% debt to a 48% tax rate which concluded to be 15%. Please note that 39% required rate of return from Harris Seafoods is very high and not common. Therefore, we feel that 18% rate of return is acceptable using CAPM. We calculated Required Rate of Return by using Capital Asset Pricing Models with inputs of treasury long-term government bonds (9. 44%), return on equity- all US manufacturing companies (16. 3%), and Harris Seafood’s beta (1. 25). Please be advised that 1. 25 beta for Harris Seafoods equity, but we acknowledge that true beta of the project is uncertain because of finding a market portfolio with similar risk is hard to find. In addition, the Return on Equity at 15%, we took the discount rate and applied it to the Free Cash Flows to get a Net Present Value. The Internal Rate of Return of the project was 15%. To compensate Harris Seafoods for the opportunity cost and risk of not investing in lowest required rate of return plus risk premium for individual’s required rate of return, we will use WACC of Harris Seafoods. Our Recommendation: We recommend based on economical analysis determines that accepting processing plant project is not viable to meet the minimum required rate of return set by the Harris Seafood Inc. for shareholder’s equity. Your concerned about accepting this project would reduce the company’s high rate of return on invested capital is absolutely correct after this analysis. The Free Cash Flow provides a possible scenario of receiving certain principle and interest payments that Harris may receive. Please be advised that our Cash Flow projects and forecast provides great uncertainty, consequently we compensate that uncertainty with the discount rate of 15%, the higher discount rate resulted in lower present value which means our project will be worth less. Please keep in mind that a negative NPV does not ultimately define poor investment, but rather, from an economic perspective a negative NPV signifies the investment will not return the expected required rate of return or neither will it compensate for opportunity cost missed as an investment elsewhere. Our Free Cash Flows concludes that Harris Seafoods would experience negative Free Cash Flow in 1980 of $10,035. 00 and continues to experience negative free cash flow for following years up to 1986, which results in negative present value. However, 1981 Harris Seafoods took a tax credit in the amount of $650,000 that declined present value for the years. We don’t recommend investing in the Shrimp Processing Plant because of the tax incentives offered by Brownsville, Texas. We also suggest Harris Seafoods to consider industry (supply and demand) risk, oil price risk, cycle risk, import and export risk, weather risk, and operating (oil-spill risk and storage cost) risk. Harris Seafoods has been successful, profitable, and maintained a high required rate of return. Although, we recognize by diversifying business risk by investing in processing industry would allow Harris Seafoods expand in business operations. In addition, we highly want Harris Seafoods to contemplate the critical risk factors of supply, demand, and price of Shrimp. We hope this analysis and recommendation is adequate. If you have any question, please free to contact any of our team members.

24 Things Essays - Allegory, Footprints, Poems, Literature

24 Things Essays - Allegory, Footprints, Poems, Literature 24 Things 24 Things 1. Your presence is a present to the world. 2. You're unique and one of a kind. 3. Your life can be what you want it to be. 4. Take the days just one at a time. 5. Count your blessings, not your troubles. 6. You'll make it through whatever comes along. 7. Within you are so many answers. 8. Understand, have courage, be strong. 9. Don't put limits on yourself. 10. So many dreams are waiting to be realized. 11. Decisions are too important to leave to chance. 12. Reach for your peak, your goal, and your prize. 13. Nothing wastes more energy than worrying. 14. The longer one carries a problem, the heavier it gets. 15. Don't take things too seriously. 16. Live a life of serenity, not a life of regrets. 17. Remember that a little love goes a long way. 18. Remember that a lot goes forever. 19. Remember that friendship is a wise investment. 20. Life's treasures are people together. 21. Realize that nothing is ever too late. 22. Do ordinary things in an extraordinary way. 23. Have health and hope and happiness. 24. Take the time to wish upon a star. ... And don't ever forget for even a day how very special you are. A friend is A Friend is someone we turn to when our spirits need a lift. A friend is someone we treasure. For our friendship is a gift. A friend is someone who fills our lives with beauty, joy, and grace, makes the world that we live in, a better and happier place. Thanks for being my friend. A to Z= Achieve To Achieve Your Dreams, Remember Your A-Z's A-void negative sources, people, things and habits B-elieve in yourself. C-onsider things from every angle. D-on't give up and don't give in. E-njoy live today: yesterday is gone and tomorrow may never come. F-amily and Friends are hidden treasures. Seek them and enjoy their riches. G-ive more than you planned to give. H-ang on to your dreams. I-gnore those who try to discourage you. J-ust do it! K-eep on trying, no matter how hard it seems. It will get better. L-ove yourself first and foremost. M-ake it happen. N-ever lie, cheat or steal. Always strike a fair deal. O-pen your eyes and see things as they really are. P-ractice makes perfect. Q-uitters never win and winners never quit. R-ead, study and learn about everything important in life. S-top procrastination. T-ake control of your own destiny. U-nderstand yourself in order to better understand others. V-isualize it W-ant it more than anything. X-ccelerate your efforts. Y-ou are unique of all of Nature's creations. Nothing can replace you. Z-ero in on your target, and go for it! Have yourself a Merry 'lil Christmas Have yourself a merry little Christmas, Let your heart be light. From now on, our troubles will be out of sight. Have yourself a merry little Christmas, Make the Yule-tide gay, From now on, our troubles will be miles away. Here were are as in olden days, happy golden days of yore. Faithful friends who are dear to us, gather near to us once more. Through the years we all will be together, If the Fates allow. Hang a shining star upon the highest bough. And have yourself a merry little Christmas now. A miracle There's a miracle called Friendship, That dwells in the heart. You don't know how it happens. Or when it gets it's start. But you know the special lift it always brings. You realize that Friendship..... Is God's most precious gift! Desiderata Go placidly amid the noise and haste, and remember what peace there may be in silence. As far as possible without surrender be on good terms with all people. Speak your truth quietly and clearly; and listen to all even to the dull and ignorant ; they too have their story. Avoid loud and aggressive people, they are vexations to the spirit. If you compare yourself to others you will become vain and bitter; there will always be greater and lesser persons than yourself. Enjoy your achievements as well as your plans. Keep interested in your own career, however humble; it is a real possession in the changing fortunes of

buy custom Arguments Against Marijuana Legalization essay

buy custom Arguments Against Marijuana Legalization essay Health problems Similar to other drugs, marijuana use has harmful effects on the health of users. Marijuana use can lead to short term loss of memory, damage of brain cells, and respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and lung cancer. As compared to cigarette smoking, marijuana smoking produces approximately 3 to 5 times more tar. Smoking marijuana 3 times in a day leads to much harm as smoking a pack of cigarettes in a day. In addition, marijuana has over 400 chemicals that comprise of some of the most hazardous harmful chemicals that are found in cigarettes, smoking of marijuana produces approximately 50% to 70% more carcinogenic hydrocarbons as compared to cigarettes. Other short term effects include: anxiety, increased heart rate, reduced muscle strength, decreased motor skills, reduced problem solving and thinking ability, distorted perception, and memory loss. Marijuana also affects the mental development of young people, their capability to focus on class work, and their initiative and motiva tion to attain goals. In addition, legalization of marijuana will increase to the problems that already exist due to alcohol and tobacco use (Goldacre 89) Marijuana use can lead to use of other drugs The use of marijuana can result in the use of other hard drugs such as cocaine and heroin. Research has indicated that the use of marijuana often advances to the tendency to use other harder drugs. Individuals, who experiment with drugs such as marijuana which they consider as harmless, often graduate to the use of oter harder drugs that lead to higher levels of intoxication. This problem is further worsened because people do not start using harder drugs directly; they begin by experimenting (Costa 39) Legalization can lead to increased use of marijuana by the youth. The legalization of marijuana can result to increased chances of the youth accessing the drug. Alcohol and cigarettes are banned from being sold to underage kids, this prohibition is because such kids do not have the same judgment, responsibility, and reasoning as an adult. Additionally the bodies of such kids cannot be able to handle the intake of these harmful substances. For marijuana the problem is worse because marijuana use can hinder the proper development of bodies and brains of such kids. Legalizing marijuana will make it more accessible to kids; a good example is the case of Netherlands where marijuana was legalized in smoke shops. This move led to the increased consumption of the drug by 3 times among youth aged between 18 and 20. Increased drug-related crimes The legalization of marijuana will most likely lead to increased crimes that are related to drug use. Individuals, who use, traffic, sell, or produce drugs are normally established criminals who frequently break the law. Such people are not constrained to only committing drug related offenses; they are also likely to commit other crimes such as murder, rape, and robbery (Saitz 16). Ethical and moral considerations Many moral codes, countries, and religions consider the legalization of marijuana as morally or ethically wrong. The mere fact that alcohol and cigarettes are not prohibited does not justify the legalization of marijuana. The idea that every one is entitled to his/her freedom goes against the principle of social interaction that forms the existence of human beings. The use of marijuana by an individual not only affects that individual; it has an impact on work, colleagues, parents, children, and the society at large. The issue of legalization of marijuana is clearly a controversial one; there are people who support its legalization while others are strongly against it. Both sides have come up with valid arguments for their cases, nevertheless inconsistencies and contradictions are there in both cases this suggests that in the end this issue will evolve into a pragmatic one. For those who support the legalization of marijuana, they have a problem of defining the legal boundaries. The issue of how hazardous a drug should be before it is illegalized is not clearly addressed. In an era when there are increasing pressures with regards to alcohol and tobacco use, marijuana legalization becomes a contradictory matter. The resources used in imprisoning offenders will have to be directed on health programs to take care of problems caused by drugs that will be legalized in future. On the other hand, those who oppose legalization are not able to address the issue of tobacco and alcohol use coherently. All i n all, only time will tell how governments will be able to deal with the issue of legalizing the use of marijuana. Buy custom Arguments Against Marijuana Legalization essay

Mgt wk2 group assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mgt wk2 group assignment - Essay Example The aspects which are set to deliberated are of significant influence to all stakeholders. After discussing the below effects, you as members of the board of directors are expected to spread the outcome well. You can execute this duty by adapting the availability of the social media like newspapers, radios as well as television. This is because this information will be made to be of close access by all our braches worldwide. These branches are our own and therefore, should not be exempted in any case. The prime aspects that affect the firm include natural disasters; those calamities which usually take place without human interference, human related disasters and unexpected spillage of oil (Schmidt & Wilhelm, 2000). There are still other smaller factors. They do not influence the company’s production that much, but they will not evade being mentioned in this case. They can be readily exemplified by the sharing of the market with other competitive oil firms as well as inflation. The last two ones affect our firm in many ways, although they may appear minor. There are some oil companies which are also performing excellently. This means that like us, they have even spread wings abroad. We all have a similar purpose of ensuring that their oil products sell well around the globe. That is why we face a terrifically strong competition while presenting our commodities in the market. A business firm does anything to ensure that it realizes success. This is the reason why the companies in question mostly sell their products at throw-away prices at our expense. This mostly comes about after the inflation of oil products inclusive of petroleum (Schmidt & Wilhelm, 2000). In many parts of the world where our branches are located, we are mostly confronted by violent climatic and weather conditions. This comprises of uncontrollable phenomenon like rain. Whenever it rains, the ground becomes extremely soggy, and most of

In search of excellence- Advanced Organizational Behaviour Essay

In search of excellence- Advanced Organizational Behaviour - Essay Example The book came up as a result of a research activity that they had undertaken on various companies with a different aim in mind. As consultants at McKinsey, they were tasked with the role of collecting information concerned with organization – structure and people (Peters & Waterman, 2006). So with no particular theory in mind, Peters visited several companies and interviewed them as relates to organizational structure. He was later on asked to present the results of his study to several organizations whose need for a simple summary of information led to his development of eight themes that enabled success in an organization (Peters & Waterman, 2006). Peters discovered that there was much more that was required to ensure the success of an organization rather than the policy statements and the strategies that they implemented to increase market share. At the time when he was carrying out the research, most companies had their policies written down well on paper with a well-developed organizational structure that defined the roles and responsibilities of each member (Peters & Waterman, 2006), a scenario that was sure to define their success. However, not every organization actually implemented these plans creating a situation of ineffective management. In order to collect information, they approached top executives who were well known for their skills and experience in organizational design. Business schools within the United States and Europe were also visited to elicit their views on the aspect. Peters also sought to look into the theories of management that were in place at the time to guide organizations. An interesting aspect of leadership emerged with a leaders role being confined to management of the social forces within an organization. Good managers were meant to shape the organization and guide it in the establishment of a good value system. The book has criticized some methods of management as the

Standards Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Standards - Research Paper Example There is an explosion in the number of people accessing the internet on their mobile devices. As a result, there is a need for protocols to ensure sufficient infrastructure to support their work. The working group is focused on the establishment of standards for mobile broadband access. The IEEE 802 standard is made up of a family of networking standards that range from the Ethernet to wireless systems (Beylot & Labiod, 2013). The standards cover all their physical specifications. The IEEE is divided into 22 unique parts. The importance of the standards in a digital era cannot be stated in an effective manner. As human beings connect computers to networks, it is clear that they need a set of rules that will determine how data will move through the different networks. Furthermore, the IEEE standards have bestowed immense benefits on the consumer. The benefits include interoperability. The term denotes ability of computer users to use the different networks at their disposal without undermining the flow of data packets. Secondly, the standards result in low product costs. The feature saves the user a lot of money that they would have otherwise spent buying items that fit all the different network needs. Thirdly, the standards are easy to manage. Protocols are needed to determine the movement of data across different networks. Computer users are lucky that their options are limited to a few effective standards (Kuo & Zhu, 2012). There are three common standards including ISO, ANSI and IEEE. The three standards play an important role in the information and communication sector. However, it is important to determine the standard with the most impact. The International Standards Organization is the largest and most effective developer of standards that have a global impact. In addition, it is responsible for publishing them. The importance of ISO lies in the fact that it makes it possible for the developers to create products that would address international

Contemporary Irish Films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Contemporary Irish Films - Essay Example This drama implementation on TV has contributed to the widespread and popularity of such true-to-life documentaries appearance in cinema tends to prioritise the creative influence of the film's directors. [Pettitt, 2000] Thus, making their films the tend to deal with the topics of abuse from the past; based on true stories they have their great emotional effect on the viewers, and uncover the real sense of the traditional social political and religious establishments which rules the life of people for a long time. That's why the real historical or fictional characters, or the images of the USA President appear to perceive the reality depicted in the film in a more deeper sense. Drama has also challenged viewers' minds by imagining events that could not be countenanced by factual television. Fictional representations, therefore, have played a major role in the maintenance and reshaping of perceptions about the Troubles and to this extent they have performed a political function. [Pettitt, 2000] The reports stay that the number of screens in Ireland has increased by 68% from 192 screens to 322 screens (during the period of 1991-2001), but the number of cinemas in Ireland has reduced by 15% from 81 cinemas to 69 in the same period. As for the contemporary Irish films, Pettitt who deals with the films after the 1970s, speaks about both the great thread posed by the influence of Hollywood - dubbed 'Californication' by Oliver St. John Gogarty three-quarters of the century ago - and the need for the resources that the American films companies can supply. [Pettitt, 2000] He also points out the fact that Irish cinema, for all its independence, hews fairly closely to the Hollywood formula followed everywhere from West Los Angeles to Bombay. According to Pettitt (2000), drama since the late 1960s has explored some of the deepest fears of those embroiled in conflict, but has not only reflected the political shifts in Northern Ireland. The political, security and legal apparatus of the British establishment has been most effectively critiqued at different junctures in the drama-documentary format. There has been a line of drama that has interrogated the problematic relationship of unionism within Anglo-Irish politics and the increasingly attenuated sense of Ulster loyalism. Fictional representations, therefore, have played a major role in the maintenance and reshaping of perceptions about the Troubles and to this extent they have performed a political function. [Pettitt, 2000] According to Crosson (2003), contemporary Irish film itself reflects the failure of Irish history to excite the imagination of Ireland's youth as effectively as the seductive depictions of America's past as medicated through the Western and gangster films. So that, films made in Ireland today reflect both these genres. The Irish cinema-going experience has come from Hollywood since in independence in 1922. [Rockett, 1991; p.19] The Irish Film Board has attempted to counterpart Ireland's huge dependence on imported film by supporting films made in the country and by Irish people. However, Ireland remains a substantial net importer of images, many of them

Managerial Accounting and Business Analysis Essay

Managerial Accounting and Business Analysis - Essay Example 220.65 Over draft Bank Balance &cash 100 354.01 1701.67 Total current assets 100 133.05 65.96 Total fixed assets 100 377.74 187.27 Total assets 100 56,91 66.17 Account payables 100 117.67 0.32 Retained income 100 216.71 130.16 Total liabilities and equity 100 156.68 188.85 Income Report for Bell way Plc Figures in million of pounds 2003 000 000 2004 2005 Turnover 954,197 1,092,571 1,178,063 Gross Income 739,479 829,598 280,402 Trading income 172,762 213,277 229,448 Interest received 1,427 1,361 2,267 Earnings before interest and tax 169,251 205,530 218,163 Interest paid 5,811 10,477 13,474 Taxation 50,687 61,700 65,400 Earnings after tax 169,251 205,530 152,763 Dividends 24,166 29,864 37,137 Retained income for the year 94,398 113,971 115,620 Balance sheet for Bell way Plc. 2003 2004 2005 Assets 16,200 16,673 16,203 Stock 478,935 587,635 Over draft Bank Balance &cash 3,468 4,926 703,048 Total current assets 482,327 590,246 697,649 Total fixed assets 16,200 16,200 697,649 Total assets 482,327 590,246 681,446 Account payables Retained income 94,398 113,971 115,626 Total liabilities and equity 482,327 590,246 697,649 If the above results are converted into indexed values form the following results can be obtained. 2003 2004 2005 Assets 100 102.47 109.26 Stock 100 119.56 145.27 Account receivables 100 100100 Over draft Bank Balance &cash 100 135.83... Recommendation according to horizontal analysis: Though the investment decision cannot be taken only on comparison it can serve as one of the criteria. In case of two companies the profits and turnover had shown a trend of increasing. The total current assets of the Telford was not showing consistent trend when compared to Bell way Plc. The account payables in the 2006 were less for Telford and thus it maintained a increase trend in profit. But the decrease in account payables may show affect in the coming year and the increase trend may not be this much stronger. In contrast to Telford the Bell way was increasing the current assets along with account payables done and still maintaining the increasing trend of profit. This tells us about the good marketing, payment, asset increasing and profit retaining strategies and according to comparison it is advisable to invest in Bell Way According to vertical analysis the items in the income account were calculated as the percentage of turnover. This tells us about the healthy and unhealthy trends of profit making, the company is experiencing. In vertical analysis it can be observed that the bank balance, current assets were not following a healthy trend in case of Telford Plc. The liquidation of assets was maintained as cash in telford.

Contemporary Irish Films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Contemporary Irish Films - Essay Example This drama implementation on TV has contributed to the widespread and popularity of such true-to-life documentaries appearance in cinema tends to prioritise the creative influence of the film's directors. [Pettitt, 2000] Thus, making their films the tend to deal with the topics of abuse from the past; based on true stories they have their great emotional effect on the viewers, and uncover the real sense of the traditional social political and religious establishments which rules the life of people for a long time. That's why the real historical or fictional characters, or the images of the USA President appear to perceive the reality depicted in the film in a more deeper sense. Drama has also challenged viewers' minds by imagining events that could not be countenanced by factual television. Fictional representations, therefore, have played a major role in the maintenance and reshaping of perceptions about the Troubles and to this extent they have performed a political function. [Pettitt, 2000] The reports stay that the number of screens in Ireland has increased by 68% from 192 screens to 322 screens (during the period of 1991-2001), but the number of cinemas in Ireland has reduced by 15% from 81 cinemas to 69 in the same period. As for the contemporary Irish films, Pettitt who deals with the films after the 1970s, speaks about both the great thread posed by the influence of Hollywood - dubbed 'Californication' by Oliver St. John Gogarty three-quarters of the century ago - and the need for the resources that the American films companies can supply. [Pettitt, 2000] He also points out the fact that Irish cinema, for all its independence, hews fairly closely to the Hollywood formula followed everywhere from West Los Angeles to Bombay. According to Pettitt (2000), drama since the late 1960s has explored some of the deepest fears of those embroiled in conflict, but has not only reflected the political shifts in Northern Ireland. The political, security and legal apparatus of the British establishment has been most effectively critiqued at different junctures in the drama-documentary format. There has been a line of drama that has interrogated the problematic relationship of unionism within Anglo-Irish politics and the increasingly attenuated sense of Ulster loyalism. Fictional representations, therefore, have played a major role in the maintenance and reshaping of perceptions about the Troubles and to this extent they have performed a political function. [Pettitt, 2000] According to Crosson (2003), contemporary Irish film itself reflects the failure of Irish history to excite the imagination of Ireland's youth as effectively as the seductive depictions of America's past as medicated through the Western and gangster films. So that, films made in Ireland today reflect both these genres. The Irish cinema-going experience has come from Hollywood since in independence in 1922. [Rockett, 1991; p.19] The Irish Film Board has attempted to counterpart Ireland's huge dependence on imported film by supporting films made in the country and by Irish people. However, Ireland remains a substantial net importer of images, many of them

Gambia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gambia - Essay Example ns is directed towards a combination of conflicting factors: while he is firm in his stance on the need to provide healthcare to all that need it, including women who could not afford healthcare services, he also believes that national restraint is important. The minister repudiates the idea of bailing out private facilities making the situation a relatively complicated case at face value. On top of all of this, aside from voters, most of the hospitals that receive referrals of trauma status cases are private entities. There is also an issue that is cropping up that large private medical centers are trying to prevent the possibility of not being paid by the national government because of new healthcare policies, choosing to convert their healthcare service organization into a private payer only. In a nutshell, the problem is that more pregnant women who any time from now may need healthcare service. Some of these women rely on healthcare insurance to be able to afford or receive serv ices; however, there are also those who have no healthcare insurances at all. There is a greater complexity in the situation in that the examination and treatment for emergency medical conditions and women in labor in Gambia aspires that regardless of the capacity to pay, every patient should be served or provided with emergency health care service by any medical center involved. 1. Emergency services for women labor can be subsidized by state funds. However, this does not guarantee that there will be no excess in medical costs. This subsidy is expected to be just under the radar considering that values and expenditures should be minimized. Hence, women belonging to the poverty line, or those who could not afford to enroll in any healthcare insurance, should enroll in a low-cost, comprehensive healthcare insurance that is available through public healthcare insurances provided that they are 21 years old and below. For pregnant women who have special conditions such as diabetes or

Louvre and Paris Essay Example for Free

Louvre and Paris Essay It is more often than not that we look at Paris for its beauty vacation destination attraction than for what it truly is, a place enriched with amazing history. A place that is to often looked at for its beauty, not its meaning. The establishment of Paris is astounding with it being 2000 years old. Initially known at Lutetia, it was conquered by Julius Caesar in 52 B. C. The French kings who governed France from 448 until 1848 made many beautiful monuments in Paris which include the palace of Versailles and the Louvre Museum. The Catholic Church being a big part of Paris built many great churches which include Notre Dame and Sainte Chapelle. Paris first became the capital of France in 508 under King Clovis. It is very significant to its country because it is the largest country in Europe. It is also the core of ile de France region. Paris is the political, cultural, and intellectual capital of France. Its elevations are 90 feet above sea level and its surface is 41 square miles. It is located in central northern France. The city does not corner any major body of water and is relatively flat. Some ancient landmarks in Paris are: the Eifel Tower and the palace of Versailles. The Eifel tower is 1050 feet an was completed in 1889. The palace of Versailles home of King Louis XIV was once the most famous monarch and former seat of the French government, People groups populating the city of Paris are 17% Muslim, 21% black, 14% North American, 20% western African, 2% middle eastern, 7. 5% Asian and 4% Vietnamese . Famous people who have lived in Paris are Claude Monet and Alexandre Gustave Eiffel. Religious practices in Paris are predominately Catholic. The transformation of Paris over time into the modern era is the transformation to a more techonological atmosphere and adapting to the modern day fashion and socio-economical culture. Paris as a whole has modernized itself in the technological sense as most of the world has, but has unstained its beautiful architecture and unique quality that makes it one of the most sought out beautiful places in the entire world.

The Harmful Effects Of Smoking Health And Social Care Essay

The Harmful Effects Of Smoking Health And Social Care Essay There are many bad effects of smoking related to health, social and psychological level which can harm the life of a person in great detail. For smoking people grow the tobacco tree whose leave which are mostly smoked or chewed and sniffed for many different effects. Smoking which involves tobacco which then contains a certain chemical known as nicotine. Nicotine is highly addictive chemical, and a smoking person can become a slave of nicotine for very long time if he/she is not cautious a first time. Tobacco other than nicotine contains nineteen different cancer causing chemicals, and together these chemical are called tar. People smoke for different reasons such as they want to produce a sense of being well, to boost their mood, and to improve short term concentration and memory. Until recently smoking was consider good thing, and there were many advertisements for smoking in newspaper, television, and other mass media. Smoking is major health risk, but still people give different reasons for smoking most of these justifications are not very reasonable. Smoking is mostly starts at young age because teenagers think that if they start smoking they will be considered as mature, but of course they are wrong and causing serious health risk for themselves. Smoking by many is way to relax, but it comes with greater health risk for damaging the brain. Smoking is very bad habit thus it should be quitted by people, smoker dont risk their lives but lives of other which inhale the smoke (Greaves, 2002). Smoking effects differ from a person to another person depending upon exposure to chemicals of the cigarette. Smoking is not only public health issue, but also it has great financial cost on the nations. Until we stop smoking, more people will be addicted, more people will get sick, more families will be devastated by loss of loved ones, bring great damage to medical system of the nations. Harm of smoking on body of a person is enormous, and smoking should be ban from all public places. Smoking can easily make a body weak, and cause a slow and steady death. There many facts related to smoking and deaths, for instances in United States there were about 443,000 deaths by smoking, which is about one in five death every year. It is also believed that each year more deaths happen due to smoking compared to combine the deaths by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), alcohol, suicides, illegal drugs, murder and vehicle injuries. Due to smoking ninety percent of all lung cancer in men is cause d, and eighty percent of all lung cancer deaths in women. It is also estimated that deaths ninety percent of all deaths by chronic obstructive lung diseases are caused by smoking. Human body is very vulnerable to harmful effects of smoking, and it can harm our heart, lungs, blood circulation, bones, stomach, mouth, eyes, skin, reproduction and fertility. Smoking effect on heart and lung in very serious manner, in case of heart nicotine raises blood pressure and blood gets clot easily. Carbon monoxide raids the blood of oxygen and causes development of cholesterol deposits in artery walls. In case of lungs smoking causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which is group of disease that includes asthmatic bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) are well known as silent killer diseases. Most of smokers dont know that they are affected by it until it is too late to save them. There is no cure for such type of diseases and almost fifteen percent of smokers develop chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Harm to blood circulation start at by smoking, and veins and arteries get hard, narrow, and also get coated by fat deposits. This can then lead to problems such as cold skin, ulcer, cramps, pain and blockages in veins which can cause a stroke and heart attack. Smoking makes bones weak and breakable, and women need to be careful because they are more likely to suffer by osteoporosis than non-smokers. Smoking can harm stomach, eyes and skin. Stomach damages can affect vital organs in the body, and increase the chance of stomach cancer. There are even more danger for eyes such as eye diseases related to Graves ophthalmopathy, glaucoma and cataract. Worst thing which can be done by smoking is causing a permanent blindness. Smoking lessens the amount of oxygen for the skin. This can mean that skin start to age more quickly and making you look like dull and grey. Smoking effect on reproduction and fertility are very serious. Smoking can increase risk of feebleness, and can damage sperm by reducing sperm count and casing testicular cancer (Team, 2009). Everybody knows the harm of smoking but nobody cares to stop it, this attitude towards smoking should be changed. Smoking is vilest habit of about 1.2 billion which are addicted to smoking. It has no benefit for smoker and the society. Smoking impact on society is beyond health and illness. Smoking regularly impacts the financial resources of smoker especially when people have limited resources. For instance in England economically poor households spend about 2.5 percent of income on smoking per week. It is believed that economic burden of smoking exceeds one percent of European GDP. Society has to pay the cost of smoking by morbidity and mortality. Direct cost of smoking is related to health care and indirect cost is related to the loss of human capital due to premature deaths, productivity losses, and unpaid income taxes. Currently estimate the total smoking attribute cost of two leading groups of smoking related diseases in COPD and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), amount between 105 .83 to 130.31 billion euros. In Australia smoking net social cost is between 2.1 to 3.4 percent of their GDP (Kaiser S, 2009 ). Smoking effect on children and teens are intense. Smoking passively can impair childs ability at mathematics and reading by leading researchers claims. Study of smoking environment is essential, and one such study shows that if people at home smoke regularly then children get low marks in test. In journal of Environmental Health Perspectives measure that exposer to smoking at home leads to cotinine in children. Cotinine is common in children by second-hand smoke. Exposer of smoking at home to children is important issue which government must resolve to keep the childrens safe (Society Guardian, 2005 ). Teenager starts to smoke at very young age thus cause the buildup foundation of diseases in their bodies. Teenage at large think smoking as fashionable thing and get involved in smoking. Children and teenager are building blocks of our society if they are in safe environment then society are in safe environment. Implication of life is lost due to smoking, and as result average persons loses 10 to 15 minute of exquisite life whenever smoking. Smoking is largest preventable cause of unwanted deaths around the world. Smoking cause more than twenty five diseases and most of them are life intimidating, and strappingly suspected to relate to smoking. Average smoking reduces the total life expectancy to 6.8 years, heavy smoking reduces the total life expectancy to 8.8 years. Furthermre smoking reduced the number of disease free life by 5.8 years. Stop smoking at age of forty and increase your life expectancy to 4.6 years(Baijal, 2010). Over the years smoking has proven harm for our society and one such harm is at psychological level. Smoking seems to take control of our mind and make us do illogical things. Some strong smoking people are increasing becoming threat for their families and a burden on the society. Most smokers being during young age, and this leads to risk taking or rebellion later in their lives. Presence of high status model and peer also leads to encouragement of smoking. Smokers say they smoke to relieve the feeling of stress but in truth they have higher stress level than non-smokers. Psychologist Hans Eysenck has developed a personality profile of smokers, and Extraversion is trait in smoker in which they tend to be impulsive, sociable and excitement seeking individuals (Eysenck, 1965). Psychologists also believe that personality and social factors are great causes of smoking. Now it is responsibility of government around the world to take action against smoking and ban it from public places. Go vernments around the world should provide quitting treatments of smoking in different society so we can eradicate the diseases from our society. In conclusion smoking is not only harmful to you but all the people around you. People who smoke have increased their chance of getting heart diseases and lung cancer. Smoking is bad addiction and as soon we can get rid of smoking its better for people around us. We should reduce the number of people who smoke in our society because it destroys our society from its core. It is absolute necessity to fully understand the harms of smoking and stop it from taking lives of virtuous peoples. The smoking should be quitted by smoker to avoid financial losses the harmful effects of health. Smoking strongly contributes to sterility thus both male and female should discourage it. We know almost every disease which is linked to smoking and causing the deaths thus it is time to say no to harmful effects of smoking.

From the second reich to the wiemar republic :: essays research papers

From the Second Reich to the Weimar Republic The Second Reich The constitution of the second Reich: The Kaiser was hereditary for life and he was the Supreme Commander of the army The Chancellor was chosen by the Kaiser and was also usually the chairman of the Bundesrat. The Bundesrat was the upper house of parliament. Members were chosen by the State Government. The 17 Prussian representatives could veto any law. The Reichstag was less important than the Bundesrat in making laws. They could only approve the laws proposed by the Chancellor and the Bundesrat. The Reichstag was the lower house of parliament, with members elected by all men over the age of 25, fewer could vote in Prussia This was very undemocratic as people had little say over the passing of laws. The Reichstag, the house of parliament that the people voted for, had very little power over the creation of laws. The Kaiser was almost a dictator. Ludendorff realised that Germany was going to be defeated in 1918. He told the Kaiser that the war must end. In October, the Germans asked President Woodrow Wilson to organise an end to the fighting. He agreed but demanded that the Kaiser must go. Starvation and riots spread though Germany and on 30th October, the German Navy refused to launch a desperate attack on the British Navy. The Kaiser finally agreed to abdicate and on the 11th November an armistice was signed. This was the end of the Second Reich. The Weimar Republic The new government wanted to introduce a parliamentary democracy. This was because President Wilson refused to offer peace to the Germans until it had a government which wanted democracy. However, this meant that some Germans felt that democracy was being forced upon them by their enemies. The constitution of the Weimar Republic: The President was in power for 7 years and was elected by all adults over the age of 21. He was the Supreme Commander of the army and he chose the Chancellor. The Chancellor had the support of a majority of the Reichstag. The Reichstag was the lower house of parliament, elected by all adults over the age of 21. It was more important than the Reichsrat and could make laws. The Reichsrat was the upper house of parliament and could only approve laws proposed by the Chancellor and the Reichstag. Weaknesses of the new constitution: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Proportional Representation – this meant that if a party received 5% of the votes, they would also receive 5% of the seats in the Reichstag.

eleanor roosevelt Essay examples -- essays research papers

Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Eleanor Roosevelt was born in New York City on October 11, 1884, daughter of lovely Anna Hall and Elliott Roosevelt, younger brother of Theodore. When her mother died in 1892, the children went to live with Grandmother Hall; her adored father died only two years later. Attending a distinguished school in England gave her, at 15, her first chance to develop self-confidence among other girls. Eleanor married her fifth cousin, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Tthey became the parents of six children. In World War 1, she became active in the American Red Cross and in volunteer work in Navy hospitals. Franklin Roosevelt was stricken with polio in 1921. Mrs. Roosevelt became active in politics both to help him maintain his interests and to assert her own personality and goals. She was in the League of Women Voters, and the Women's Trade Union League, and worked for the Women's Division of the New York State Democratic Committee. She helped to found Val-Kill Industries, a furniture factory in Hyde Park, New York, and taught at the Todhunter School, a private girls’ school in New York City. Franklin D. Roosevelt became President in 1933. Eleanor Roosevelt was an active First Lady who traveled around the nation, visiting relief projects, surveying working and living conditions, and then reporting to the President. She added her own political and social influence. She became active with helping the poor and minorities. During World War II, she visited England and t...

How Far Has the Importance of Nelson Mandela in the Ending?

How far has the importance of Nelson Mandela in the ending of apartheid been exaggerated? It can be argued that the importance of Nelson Mandela in the ending of apartheid has been greatly exaggerated. Apartheid ended due to a combination of long term and short term events. The ANC represented the main opposition of apartheid while protests and rebellions caught the attention of the world, international sanctions put pressure on the south African government and something had to be done before their economy completely fell apart.De Klerk shocked the country when he took the first step towards abolishing apartheid although, the spark of light and face of rebellion, Mandela, provided the inspiration to make the end of apartheid possible. Nelson Mandela’s contribution and dedication to South Africa’s struggle in achieving freedom and equal rights for every South African led to his popularity and respect in South Africa. In the 1950’s, Mandela began working on ending the apartheid. In 1964, he was arrested and imprisoned for trying to overthrow the government, but continued his fight even from his prison cell.Nelson Mandela presented the people of South Africa with a leader in their struggle, providing the inspiration needed for a drastic change. He became a symbol of hope and inspiration. He planted the idea in the people that there was something they could do about their situation. Nelson Mandela’s role in bringing Apartheid to an end was very important, however, there were many other factors that contributed to the ending of Apartheid. Firstly, the African National Congress, also known as the ANC, was a major factor in ending Apartheid. t was founded in response to the injustice against black south africans at the hand of the government then in power. By 1919 the anc was leading a campaign against passes that black people were forced to carry, but then the anc became dormant in the mid-1920s . at this time black people were also repres ented by the ICU and the previously white-only communist party, but neither played a major part in the ending of apartheid. in 1930s J. T Gumede (president of the ANC) was voted out of power and this led to the ANC becoming largely ineffectual and inactive.Although after being remodeled as a mass movement in the 1940s the ANC responded militarily to attacks on the rights of black South Africans, as well as calling for strikes, boycotts, and defiance. The ANC represented the main opposition to the government during apartheid and therefore they played a major role in resolving the conflict through participating in the peacemaking and peace-building processes. Infact by the late 1980s the ANC became the most popular political movement although it can be argued that it was a result on Mandela’s influence.Protests were extremely important in ending Apartheid and believed to be more influential than Mandela. Protests against pass laws were quite common but the Sharpville massacre i s what caught the attention of the world. The Sharpville massacre was one of the worst civilian massacres is south African history. It was reported in the Chronicle of the 20th century that â€Å"56 Africans died and 162 were injured when police opened fire in the black township of Sharpville. † This cannot be thought of as completely accurate as it was published in a newspaper.The government was in control of the newspapers and may have been altered to give the impression it was not as bad as it seems. What’s more, a white reporter, Joanmarie Fubbs said â€Å"I saw a policeman taking his rifle-butt to several women who were trying to retrieve bodies. They weren’t shot down but they were rifle butted and kicked and booted† This could be thought of as more accurate as it was not published in government controlled newspapers, more so that it came from a white reporter. It could be argued that a black person could have tried to distort the event even further .There were many peaceful protests but the sharpville massacre sticks out because of the extreme violence. Violence played a major part in the end of apartheid. More-so than the protests because of the attention it brought to the situation of black South Africans. There was considerable labour unrest and strikes were common. There were also occasional bomb attacks. On the 21st march, in Langa, Cape town. a mass march to langa police station was organised. The plan was to surrender themselves guilty of not carrying their passes, and as there were so many of them the police could not arrest them all.At this time an identical plan was created in sharpville and turned into what would be known as the sharpville massacre. Due to the event in sharpville the march was called off and a ban was placed on gatherings. However later that day protestors gathered again. The police ordered the protesters to disperse and baton charged them and the protestors retaliated with stones. Langa was very te nse that night as angry protestors barricaded the streets and looted policemen’s homes. The death toll by the end of the day in Langa was three, shot and killed by white policemen.The sharpville massacre and the langa shootings had a great impact on apartheid, the damage done was costly and the government had become ungovernable. Violence caused the protests to be a major factor in the end of apartheid because it was so costly. The South African government was already in bad shape and could not deal with the ungovernable public. Also the violence caught the attention of international relations, and frankly, they were appalled. Another factor believed to be more influential than Mandela would be the international pressure. This was a major cause mainly because of the sanctions.The embodied rejection of White domination in South Africa, in the form of protests, strikes and demonstrations caused a decade of uncontrolable mass action in resistance to the imposition of even harshe r forms of segregation and oppression. People all over the world were shocked to see the violence in events like the Sharpeville and Langa shootings. They also saw the events occurring between the South African government and extremist groups like the ANC. Internal opposition to Apartheid had grown strongly and many areas of South African cities, inhabited by black South Africans, had become ungovernable.In 1962 the UN General Assembly requested that its member sever their political, fiscal and transportion ties with south africa. In 1968, it proposed ending all cultural, educational and sporting connections also. After much debate, by the late 1980s the United States, the United Kingdom, and 23 other nations had passed laws that placed various trade sanctions on South Africa and a significant amount of foreign investment had withdrawn from South Africa. After the adoption of sanctions, South Africa experienced severe economic difficulty. The government was falling apart and without support from other countries it wouldn’t recover.It was forced to abolish apartheid. Although without the violence other countries wouldn’t have been so appalled that they felt they had to step in. De Klerk played a crucial part in the anti-apartheid movement as he was president and had the power to end apartheid whilst Mandela didn’t. Overall, making the end of Apartheid a joint combination of both FW de Klerk’s efforts in the negotiations between the National party, although more so, Mandela’s and the ANC’s progress and constant dedication which helped to bring about the end of minority rule.At the time, this move by the government was quite unexpected, but in retrospect, an inevitability. The prime minister of South Africa in 1989 was PW. Botha, however after having a stroke, and being forced into bitter resignation, was replaced by FW de Klerk. De Klerk was commonly thought to be conservative and agree with segregation but his first spe ech on 2nd February 1990 announced plans to legalise the ANC, PAC and SACP and also that political prisoners, including Mandela, would be released.He said he wanted to work with political groups to form a new constitution for South Africa. Although De Klerk’s decision was a great step forward for blacks, there were many possible reasons for his drastic change in government. A journalist in Cape Town at the time wondered if De Klerk fully realised what he was doing. It is possible that De Klerk believed that there could be some clever power sharing system that allowed nationalists to keep hold of some of their power.Furthermore the advice he was receiving from economists was grim, is he did not do something the situation would get much worse and as a deeply religious man it can be argued that De Klerk believed God had chosen him to lead his party in a new direction. In conclusion it can be argued that Mandela’s contribution to the ending of apartheid is greatly exaggera ted. The ANC was an organisation black people could support, it gave them hope for the future and reminded them they could have a life without oppression and segregation.Not only did the ANC organise protests, it acted as the fuel for others to continue to protest and object. The protests were made largely effective by the governments resort to violence, which caught the attention of the world. International pressure played a critical role due to the economic sanctions they imposed on South Africa. The continuing violence in South Africa caused disinvestment as the atmosphere was no longer conductive for business thus withdrawal of foreign investors.President de Klerk was instrumental in starting negotiations for change to majority rule, starting with a shared leadership between Mr Mandela and President de Klerk. The collapse of the Communist Socialist Soviet Republic also contributed. The American government withdrew military aid to the South African government as the African resis tance was no longer perceived as Communist inspired. Although the influence of the ‘Father Figure', Nelson Mandela can never go unmentioned. His very existence inspired all those who were fighting for the end of Apartheid – white and blacks side by side.Mandela was, though, probably more important than the ANC and other organisations. On the whole Mandela’s work largely contributed to the end of Apartheid yet he was not the most important factor. Overall, all of these factors fostered South African ideas against apartheid and subsequently started them to look for their own freedom. If these events did not happen in the same time frame, the same result may not have occurred. But, the coincidence of each of these individual factors led to the cumulative effect of an end to apartheid.

Effect of Patient Preferred Music on Pain in Postoperative Patients

The relief of acute pain in adult postoperative patients continues to be a common problem despite the use of pharmacologic therapies. Unrelieved pain can cause various effects including: increased heart rate and blood pressure; increased need for oxygen; tachypnea; increased susceptibility to infection; and anxiety/fear (Swift, 2018). Nurses strive to provide the best care for their patients and this includes finding alternative ways to help with unrelieved pain. Providing music as an adjunct to the standard of care for pain has been shown to reduce acute pain in postoperative patients (Comeaux & Steele-Moses, 2013; Nilsson, Rawal, & Unosson, 2003; Zografakis-Sfakiankakis et al., 2017). The following research proposal intended for the institutional review board (IRB) will discuss the purpose of the study; background and significance; participants and methodology; recruitment; participant confidentiality; participant safety; consent process; risks and burdens; benefits; cost and payment; data and document security; and follow-up and dissemination of results.Purpose of StudyThe purpose of this study is to determine whether allowing patients to listen to their preferred choice of music compared to providing them with pre-selected instrumental music is more effective, when used as an adjunct to the standard of care for pain, on reducing the perception of pain in the adult postoperative patient.Background and SignificanceThe review of literature w as conducted by utilizing the following databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Google, Nursing Times, and Research Gate. Search terms included: music therapy, music, acute pain and postoperative pain. The review of literature proved that music, when used as an adjunct to pharmacologic therapy, is effective in reducing postoperative pain. Pain is an expected outcome of a surgical procedure, however unrelieved postoperative pain can lead to complications, delayed healing and, if not dealt with effectively, can become chronic (Swift, 2018, p. 25). According to Nilsson, Rawal, and Unosson, (2003) the best practice for postoperative pain control management should include both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods (p. 700). Comeaux and Steele-Moses (2013) reported â€Å"According to the Joanna Briggs Institute (2009), music therapy as a non-pharmacological adjuvant to opioid analgesia is best practice in the management of pain and anxiety† (p. 313). In their own study, Comeaux and Steele-Moses (2013) found that the use of music therapy improved patient satisfaction of pain management in the postoperative period (p. 314). Another study also found that using music as an intervention tool in the acute postoperative period could be useful in promoting patient's comfort and improving perception of pain (Zografakis-Sfakiankakis et al., 2017). Nilsson et al. (2003) reported that â€Å"Music is a non-pharmacological technique, that is inexpensive, non-invasive and has no side-effects that have been shown to reduce postoperative pain† (p. 700). Music therapy has been beneficial in treating patients with a wide range of diagnoses and is effective in reducing patients' perception of anxiety and pain as well as the need for analgesia (American Music Therapy Association, 2010). While it has been proven that music can reduce postoperative pain, the preceding studies used pre-selected instrumental or classical music, there is limited research available in the clinical setting on the effects music has on pain with regards to providing patients with preferred music choices compared to providing them with pre-selected music. inlay and Anil (2015) conducted a cold pressor test study to induce experimental pain to determine the impact of music type on pain and stated that â€Å"Simply listening to music may not be sufficiently effective for managing pain if the music is not enjoyable for the listener†¦the more likable the music is to the individual, the better the effects of music listening on the pain† (p. 56). Therefore, it is important for nurses to know which type of music to implement, preferred or pre-selected, as an adjunct to reduce unrelieved postoperative pain.Participants and MethodologyThis study will be conducted as an experimental prospective randomized clinical trial in a Level II Trauma Center that has a complete team of general, specialty and trauma surgeons who perform a broad range of multiple surgeries daily. The anticipated number of participants is between 150 and 200 in a 2 month period. The inclusion criteria includes all patients age 18 or over who will be having an ele ctive surgical procedure done, have an anticipated stay of 3 days or more, are alert and oriented and able to read and write English (for questionnaire purposes). Exclusion criteria includes any patient with hearing loss or hearing deficit making it difficult to hear the music. Data will be collected by placing participants into two study groups, the study group (preferred music choice) and the control group (pre-selected music). Using Zografakis-Sfakiankakis' (2017) random selection algorithm participants, if they meet the inclusion criteria, will be selected by the following: on a typical surgical day, half of the patients, the 1st and 3rd patient or every other, will be included in the study group and then the 2nd and the 4th and so on will be included in the control group. A questionnaire will be given to all participants, since both groups with be listening to some type of music, and will include questions about demographic data including: gender, age, race, type of surgical procedure. The remaining questions will ask the participant to rate their pain using the numeric rating scale (0-10) before the start of and after listening to at least 30 minutes of music; what type of analgesic what administered for their pain; If any other non-pharmacologic intervention took place (i.e. repositioning or application of ice); what was the patient doing before, during and after listening to music (i.e. lying in bed, up in chair, walking in room/hall, talking with visitor, reading etc.); and the date and total time listened to music between each pain medication administration (with at least 30 minutes per session). The study group will be given an easy to use MP3 player with FM radio capability and will also be able to request their preferred songs and music to be downloaded to the device by the nurse researchers. The control group will also be given an easy to use MP3 player, without FM radio capability, that is loaded with pre-selected, by nurse researchers, instrumental/classical music. All groups will be provided with earphones to use in order to prevent disruption to other patients.RecruitmentUpon check-in at the hospital for their elective surgery prospective participants, who meet the inclusion criteria, will be asked if they would like to be involved in a voluntary research study during their hospitalization. The researchers will introduce themselves, including their credentials, and will verbally inform the individual that the study is trying to determine the effects that music has, in addition to receiving the standard of care for pain, on reducing postoperative pain. They will be informed that MP3 players as wells as earphones will be provided to them and that they will be required to fill out questionnaires during the study. Participants will be informed on how their information will be kept confidential, the risks and benefits of this study and after which will be encouraged to ask questions.Participant ConfidentialityTo ensure participant confidentiality and anonymity participants will be assigned a number that will be included on their questionnaires. The number that they are assigned will be determined by the order in which they leave the post anesthesia care unit (PACU). When leaving the PACU the nurse will give the known participants a manila folder that will contain the numbered questionnaires, MP3 player and instructions on use. The first paper that the participant will see when opening the folder will include a statement to them ensuring that the information that is collected from this study from them will not be divulged to others without permission. The instructions will inform the participants to place all questionnaires and MP3 player back in the envelope upon discharge, seal it and then leave it in the designated locked box at the nurses' station.Participant SafetyListening to music is beneficial, not harmful and non-invasive. Participants will still receive the standard of care for pain. Therefore, in this study there is no risk for harm or harmful deception as both groups will be provided with a music intervention, either preferred choice or pre-selected, along with the standard of care for pain. There is no anticipated adverse events seen in implementing the intervention of music listening.Consent ProcessAs part of the recruitment process, which includes providing information about the study, its pr ocedures and allowing for questions, participants who have met the inclusion criteria will be informed that their participation in this study is voluntary and that if they choose to participate that they can withdraw at any time without consequences. The other components of the informed consent will include: basis for selection; duration of participation; risks and benefits; confidentiality of records; names of investigators and contact person; statement of voluntary participation and then signature lines which will indicate consent. Even though signatures will be obtained at the time of recruitment for informed consent, the researcher will not know the identity of the participant once the study begins as they will be assigned numbers randomly as they leave the PACU. All participants will be alert and oriented consenting adults. The participants will also be informed that once this study is finished that it is the goal to have it published in a journal for medical professionals to use as evidence for best practice.Risks and BurdensAs stated earlier, there is to harmful effects or risks in the intervention of listening to music. However, potential burdens of this study could possibly occur when filling out the questionnaire. The participants will have to take time and effort to fill out the questionnaire each time they use the music therapy along with taking prescribed medication. This can pose as a possible inconvenience for them as they will be in a perceived state of pain.BenefitsThere are many potential benefits to the participants who take part in this study. As stated earlier music therapy has been beneficial in treating patients with a wide range of diagnoses and is effective in reducing patients' perception of anxiety and pain as well as t he need for analgesia (American Music Therapy Association, 2010). According to the American Music Therapy Association (2010) in addition to the reduction of pain and anxiety participants may experience: improved respiration, lower blood pressure, improved cardiac output, reduced heart rate, and relaxed muscle tension (p. 4). Furthermore, the results of this study can be beneficial in providing nurses and other healthcare providers with knowledge about the best type of music to use, along with the standard of care, in reducing unrelieved pain for their patients. This information can be shared and may be beneficial as an alternative to reducing pain in various other types of patient populations as well.Cost and PaymentThere will be no cost to the participants of this study as the MP3 players and the earphones will be provided to them by the researchers. No incentives will be given in recruitment or for participation in this study.Data and Document SecurityDocuments for this study will be kept by the patient in the provided manila folder. Once the par ticipant is discharged the sealed manila folder will be turned in by placing it in the designated locked box at the nurses' station. The folders will be picked up on a daily basis. Only the nurse researchers will have access to the locked box as well as the questionnaires. All questionnaire collected from the hospital will then be kept in a locked filing cabinet when not being used by the researchers. The data collected including informed consent will be kept for a period of 3 years.Follow-Up and Dissemination of ResultsParticipants will be given the researchers contact information and will have the option to contact the researchers after 3 months to either get the results of the study or be given an approximate date of when the results will be available. Upon completion of this study the aim is to present the research results at various presentations, submit the research results for peer review and then ultimately spread the knowledge and the evidence-based intervention through publication in a peer-reviewed journal.ConclusionIn conclusion, we have discussed the purpose of the study; background and significance; participants and methodology; recruitment; participant confidentiality; participant safety; consent process; risks and burdens; benefits; cost and payment; data and document security; and follow-up and dissemination of results. Researchers involved in this study welcome the critical evaluation of the IRB in order to ensure that the study will be conducted in a strong, ethical and legal manor.

Water Laws in the United States of America Essay

Water Laws in the United States of America - Essay Example There are rights of tribes that need to be taken into account while framing these laws. Apart from this, there is also the issue of balancing conservation with development, which has become a major issue in the understanding of the use of natural resources. An awareness of the need for sustainable development has led to a greater amount of care being put into the conservation of the environment. Framing appropriate laws is one of the most important parts of the conservation of the environment. This paper shall look at the different laws that govern the use of water and water bodies in America. It shall also look at the conflicts that have arisen as a result of such laws and the violations that have happened. All of these go to show how important the preservation of the environment is and the problems that may result as a result of neglect and avarice. The United States Environment Protection Agency seeks to ensure the quality of the water that is found in American water bodies. Water Quality Standards are set to be maintained that are then strictly enforced. These not only prevent unauthorised factory effluents from dirtying the water, they also prevent the contamination of the water by people who live near these rivers and lakes. An important part of this endeavour is the Clean Water Act that results in the standards being constantly monitored. This act lays down specific standards that need to be revised regularly to meet the needs of the community and also to make it scientifically viable. Section 304(a)(1) makes it necessary for the criteria that are laid down for the quality standard of the water found in rivers and lakes to be measured according to the latest scientific discoveries. These discoveries are required to be done taking into consideration the state of the fish that live in these water bodies. CWA Â §316(b) requires that the different aspects that are associated with cooling water intake structures are required to meet certain standards that ta ke into account the environmental impact that they have (Surface Water Standards & Guidance, 2012). The rights of the separate communities of America too have to be maintained while framing the laws regarding them. The maintenance of the peaceful fabric of the American society is to be given a great deal of importance while framing these laws. Laws that reserve a certain amount of water from certain water bodies are commonly known as Winter Rights. They prohibit the use of water that is reserved for the use of Native American tribes that are federally recognized, by others. It prohibits such use, unless such instances are those where the tribes relinquish their rights. These laws are created in such a way that they coincide with the laws that are created by the states for the protection of the rights of the Native American tribes. This has been done to avoid conflicts that may escalate into racial tension. Such laws need to exist to maintain the culture of America that integrates pe ople of different backgrounds and ensures their cultural and economic welfare. There is however, conflict regarding this law where it is felt that certain sections of the populations seeks to appropriate the water that is reserved for the federally recognized tribes in America (Winters Rights (Decision), 2011). Riparian rights are also an important part of the legal framework governing the use of water. It provides a person who owns a piece of land in front of a water body the rights to usage of the water and other resources associated with it. The owner of the land is allowed to use the vegetation of the bottom of the river right in

Impact of employee harassment on medical facilities within the United Research Paper

Impact of employee harassment on medical facilities within the United States - Research Paper Example It is evident from the study that in the United States, cases of workplace harassment has been on the rise over the past several years despite enactment of laws with stiff penalties against any employers found to be involved in acts of employee harassment. These harassments may take the form of sexual harassment, racial harassment/discrimination, religious discrimination, gender-based discrimination, age, and/or disability harassment. Researchers suggest that workplace or employee harassment has become an irritating issues and a matter of national concern. It is seen as causing more harm than any other thing in the universe. Evidence has revealed that effects of employment harassment are so severe and the hardships are not in any way pretty. According to Yamada David, a Professor at Suffolk University Law school in Boston argues that the victims of employment or workplace harassment suffer from both psychological and physical conditions, which could sometimes lead to deaths or suicid es. Employee harassment includes a range of behaviors that undermine the morale, dignity, respect, and safety of groups or persons that are involved in one way or the other in an employment situation. It can be perpetrated by an employee against a fellow employee, or an employer against an employee and vice versa. The B.C Council considers employee harassment to be visual, physical or verbal conduct that has an unreasonably effect of interfering with a group’s or individual’s performance or ability to carry on with their duty. ... It mainly examines the various types of employee harassments, their causes, and effects on victims, consequences on the perpetrators, and how it has affected health facilities. The type of employee harassment that this study will mainly focus on is sex and gender based harassment, old age and disability harassment. Discussion When looking at employee harassment especially at the workplace, it worth if the focus is based on a specific harassment type. In this scenario, employee sexual harassment and gender-based harassment has been chosen as ideal for investigating the impact of such diseases and threats on the country’s economy. In America today, sexual harassment in the workplace is a very common thing among women and men as well. According to the ABC News polls, at least one in every four women has at some point in their life experience workplace or employee sexual harassment. In every ten men, at least one man has also experience this traumatic vice of workplace or employee sexual harassment at some point in their lifestyles. A number of men also claim that it is a concern for them that they may sometimes be accused false for sexual harassment. This matter seems to be of concern to very many Americans just because of it health, physical and psychological effects that it has on the victims. A research conducted by Julian Barling and Hershcovis of the Queen’s University in Ontario evaluated about 120 studies that were carried in over 21 years across the U.S. involving consequences and effects of employee or workplace harassment and aggression including sexual harassment. These two focused their research on the workplace harassment including things such as supervisor and co-worker satisfaction, job satisfaction, intent

Chinua Achebe's response to Conrad's Heart of Darkness novel Essay

Chinua Achebe's response to Conrad's Heart of Darkness novel - Essay Example ly doing the same, when he is criticizing the author on being single-tracked, by viewing the theme and presentation of this epic novel through a tunnel-vision. The issue of truth in terms of actual reality is a paradigm that has never really been understood to its fullest since man has learnt to think. This reality can be identified with, and the highest virtue can subsequently be attained by means of taking it in a way that it actually is. Contemplation gives insight, and ultimately self-actualization; this should in turn give way to the actual truth, and nullify any metaphor being used as a faà §ade to a reality. On the same lines, Conrad has presented his version of the life that he saw in Africa. This version had ideas and experiences that were true to his own self, and he did not have a personal vendetta against the locals of the continent. He just found a striking cultural difference between himself and his hosts, and this he represented in the script subsequently. If in the face of conflict, one tends to shy away from the true sense of being, then it can never really come out. Under normal circumstances, it is always simple to portray oneself; however, the true test of character is when there is antagonism, and yet still a person can attain truth by means of beings what he truly is. This adversity was faced by the author in his own experiences. The symbolism and the gravity of events that unfold through the process of the novel, clearly indicate that the author himself is passing through a drastically intense time of his life – disregarding someone on account of race would be the last thing on his mind, where survival itself had become an issue. Furthermore, there is no racism in explaining that a place is underdeveloped and that the people have a more crude way of living. The novel was originally published in 1902, and more than a hundred years on, even in the contemporary scientific and technological times of today, one can safely argue that ‘all’

Audience Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Audience - Assignment Example mon point in all these appeals is that they try to persuade the customer that his or her life will be better off and so much simpler, convenient and complete that he or she cannot afford to miss the opportunity of trying out the product or service at least once to see for themselves. It then remains to be seen if the manufacturer or advertiser’s claims are valid and this decision will be made by the user after he or she tries the product or service and records his or her feelings, measures of satisfaction and desire to purchase or not once again. This paper will comment on the advertisements in popular magazines like Time, Newsweek, Sports Illustrated, Cosmopolitan and the like and make comments on their specific appeals to audiences based on seven separate characteristics: age, culture or ethnic background, social status and education, income and occupation, religion, political affiliation, and gender. It is natural and desirable for marketers and advertisers to aim their advertisement at specific groups of potential or actual customers called the Target Market, based on common characteristics as defined by their particular demographics, psychographics, and lifestyle values. Trying to target everyone with one advertisement would admittedly be difficult- people are different and have distinct needs, desires and aspirations that have to be catered to. One may be influenced by price, another by quality, and a third by size and convenience of the product or service being offered. We will now try to choose and understand the audience appeals of five advertisements based on the various appeal characteristics as outlined above. Both verbal and visual appeals are generally used to attract and ensnare buyers into trying out a product or service. While it was previously okay just to advertise the benefits of a product or service and nothing more, hoping that the buyer would buy and try the product or service out of sheer need or curiosity, today’s marketers try to